Menstruation, this cyclical phenomenon so common in women’s lives, often raises numerous questions and is sometimes misunderstood. Each month, the body prepares, transforms, and gives rise to varied sensations, symptoms, and emotions. What happens during this period? What are the reasons for these changes? This article aims to shed light on the fascinating and complex subject of menstruation and everything that surrounds it.
What are periods?
Each month, to prepare for a potential pregnancy, the uterus thickens thanks to a lining called endometrium. If fertilization does not occur, this lining disintegrates and is expelled, leading to bleeding. This normal process typically lasts between 3 to 7 days, marking the beginning of the menstrual cycle and signaling the first day of the period.
A great hormonal upheaval
Before the onset of menstruation, the body experiences hormonal fluctuations. The level of progesterone increases, while that of estrogens decreases. This oscillation affects mood and overall well-being, sometimes provoking intense emotions. During menstruation, progesterone levels drop while estrogens begin to rise.
Duration and regularity of menstruation
Menstruation occurs on average every 21 to 35 days, with bleeding that varies in volume and duration. Young adolescents and women in perimenopause may experience frequent irregularities in their cycles, caused by a natural evolution of hormones.
Symptoms associated with periods
Menstruation is not limited to bleeding. Many symptoms like pelvic pain, digestive issues, or headaches are often experienced. These manifestations vary from woman to woman and can sometimes be debilitating.
Why do we feel pain?
Pain during menstruation comes from the contractions of the uterus, which contracts to expel the endometrium. Levels of prostaglandins, hormones that intensify these contractions, also influence the degree of pain. Some women suffer more than others, making the management of this period delicate.
The psychological impact of menstruation
Hormonal changes also lead to emotional modifications. Mood swings are common, especially just before the onset of menstruation. This phase, often marked by symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, can bring about feelings of irritability or melancholy.
Fatigue during periods
Significant blood loss can cause a sensation of fatigue. It is advisable to maintain moderate activity while listening to one’s body’s needs for rest. After menstruation, an increase in energy is generally expected.
Addressing menstrual cycle issues
If notable irregularities or unbearable pain persist, it is wise to consult a healthcare professional. Menstrual cycle disorders, such as endometriosis or polycystic ovary syndrome, should be taken seriously and addressed.
All this information reminds us of how complex and fascinating the female body is. Going through these cycles appears as a delicate dance orchestrated by hormones, influencing both our physiology and emotions. Menstruation is an essential aspect of women’s health, involving nuances often overlooked. Taking the time to learn about and understand what happens during this period strengthens our connection with our body and our needs.
